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Dynamisms

Dynamisms are internal mechanisms that operate within the personality to drive change. They arise during disintegration and serve as both symptoms and instruments of growth.

Key dynamisms include:
Subject-object in oneself: Reflective self-awareness
Dissatisfaction with oneself: Sense of inner inadequacy
Inferiority toward oneself: Ethical self-critique
Guilt and shame: Moral evaluators
Empathy: Emotional attunement to others

These forces gradually become self-directed and support the individual’s journey toward autonomy and authenticity.